Epidemiology and Health

COVID-19: Original Article

Lack of compensation for COVID-19-related overtime work and its association with burnout among EMS providers in Korea: Ji-Hwan Kim, Jaehong Yoon, Soo Jin Kim, Ja Young Kim, Jinwook Bahk, Seung-Sup Kim; Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023058. Published online June 15, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023058

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study examined the association between lack of compensation for COVID-19-related overtime work (LCCOW) and burnout among emergency medical service (EMS) providers in Seoul, Korea.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 693 EMS providers in Seoul, Korea. Participants were classified into 3 groups according to their experience of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related overtime work and LCCOW: (1) “did not experience,” (2) “experienced and was compensated,” and (3) “experienced and was not compensated.” Burnout was measured using the Korean version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, which has 3 subdomains: personal burnout (PB), work-related burnout (WRB), and citizen-related burnout (CRB). Multiple linear regression was applied to examine whether LCCOW was associated with burnout after adjusting for potential confounders.

RESULTS

In total, 74.2% of participants experienced COVID-19-related overtime work, and 14.6% of those who worked overtime experienced LCCOW. COVID-19-related overtime work showed a statistically non-significant association with burnout. However, the association differed by LCCOW. Compared to the “did not experience” group, the “experienced and was not compensated” group was associated with PB (β=10.519; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.455 to 17.584), WRB (β=10.339; 95% CI, 3.398 to 17.280), and CRB (β=12.290; 95% CI, 6.900 to 17.680), whereas no association was observed for the “experienced and was compensated” group. Furthermore, an analysis restricted to EMS providers who worked overtime due to COVID-19 showed that LCCOW was associated with PB (β=7.970; 95% CI, 1.064 to 14.876), WRB (β=7.276; 95% CI, 0.270 to 14.283), and CRB (β=10.000; 95% CI, 3.435 to 16.565).

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that LCCOW could be critical in worsening burnout among EMS providers who worked overtime due to COVID-19.

Summary

Korean summary
본 연구는 2021년에 진행된 서울시 구급대원 693 명의 설문조사 자료를 이용해서 COVID-19으로 인한 초과근무 경험에 대한 보상 부족과 번아웃의 연관성을 살펴보았다. 초과근무 경험이 없었던 구급대원의 번아웃 점수와 비교할 때, 초과근무 경험이 있고 항상 적절한 보상을 받은 구급대원의 번아웃 점수는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았지만, 초과근무 경험이 있고 적절한 보상을 받지 못한 적이 있는 구급대원의 번아웃 점수는 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 초과근무를 경험한 구급대원으로 한정한 분석에서는 적절한 보상을 항상 받은 구급대원에 비해서 적절한 보상을 받지 못한 적이 있는 구급대원의 번아웃 점수가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다.

Key Message
Using a survey of 693 EMS providers in Seoul, Korea, we examined the association between lack of compensation for COVID-19-related overtime work (LCCOW) and burnout. Higher scores of burnouts were observed among those with LCCOW, but not among those without LCCOW, compared to the EMS providers who did not experience overtime work due to COVID-19. Furthermore, in the analysis restricted to EMS providers who had worked overtime due to COVID-19, LCCOW was associated with burnout.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome on Quality of Life Among Airline Crew
Jung-Ha Kim, Seunghye Choi
Workplace Health & Safety.2024; 72(9): 374. CrossRef
People-Oriented Culture and Its Association With Burnout, Depressive Symptoms, and Sleep Problems During COVID-19 Pandemic Among EMS Providers in Korea
Ji-Hwan Kim, Jaehong Yoon, Soo Jin Kim, Ja Young Kim, Seung-Sup Kim
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2024; 66(8): e359. CrossRef
Predicting depressive symptoms in employees through life stressors: subgroup analysis by gender, age, working hours, and income level
Jiwan Moon, Yoosuk An, Sang Won Jeon, Sung Joon Cho
Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Emergency Services During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Gender Comparison of Burnout Risk and Personality Traits in the Kharkiv City Sample
Igor Zavgorodnii, Beatrice Thielmann, Olena Litovchenko, Victor Zabashta, Valerij Kapustnyk, Robin Schwarze, Irina Böckelmann
Healthcare.2024; 12(23): 2356. CrossRef

COVID-19: Systematic Review

A closer look at the high burden of psychiatric disorders among healthcare workers in Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic: Amr Ehab El-Qushayri, Abdullah Dahy, Abdullah Reda, Mariam Abdelmageed Mahmoud, Sarah Abdel Mageed, Ahmed Mostafa Ahmed Kamel, Sherief Ghozy; Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021045. Published online July 13, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021045

15,343 View
265 Download
15 Web of Science
13 Crossref

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among Egyptian healthcare workers (HCWs) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

METHODS

Six databases were searched for relevant papers. The quality of the selected articles was measured using the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool. We used a fixed-effects model when there was no heterogeneity and a random-effects model when there was heterogeneity.

RESULTS

After screening 197 records, 10 studies were ultimately included. Anxiety was the most commonly reported psychiatric disorder among HCWs, with a prevalence of 71.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 49.4 to 86.9), followed by stress (66.6%; 95% CI, 47.6 to 81.3), depression (65.5%; 95% CI, 46.9 to 80.3), and insomnia (57.9%; 95% CI, 45.9 to 69.0). As measured using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, the most common level of severity was moderate for depression (22.5%; 95% CI, 19.8 to 25.5) and stress (14.5%; 95% CI, 8.8 to 22.9), while high-severity anxiety was more common than other levels of severity (28.2%; 95% CI, 3.8 to 79.6).

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on Egyptian HCWs’ psychological well-being. More psychological support and preventive measures should be implemented to prevent the further development of psychiatric illness among physicians and other HCWs.

Summary

Key Message
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on Egyptian HCWs’ psychological well-being with a high burden of anxiety, stress, depression and insomnia. More psychological support and preventive measures should be implemented to prevent the further development of psychiatric illness among physicians and other HCWs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

An umbrella review and meta-analysis of 87 meta-analyses examining healthcare workers' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic
Vincent Gosselin Boucher, Maria Dahl, Jayden Lee, Guy Faulkner, Mark R. Beauchamp, Eli Puterman
Journal of Affective Disorders.2025; 375: 423. CrossRef
Holter monitoring: Understanding its indications, contraindications, and clinical relevance
Soumen Jana, Nandita Chakraborty
The Journal of Community Health Management.2025; 11(4): 182. CrossRef
Stress, anxiety, depression and sleep disturbance among healthcare professional during the COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review of 72 meta-analyses
Mohammed Al Maqbali, Ahmad Alsayed, Ciara Hughes, Eileen Hacker, Geoffrey L. Dickens, Fadwa Alhalaiqa
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0302597. CrossRef
Estimation of the prevalence of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses
Mostafa Amini-Rarani, Saber Azami-Aghdash, Haleh Mousavi Isfahani, Mohammad Mohseni
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Factors influencing job performance of nurses in COVID-19 care: a study in Egypt
Ayman Muhammad Kamel Senosy
BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
An umbrella review of the prevalence of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: Call to action for post-COVID-19 at the global level
Mohammad Mohseni, Saber Azami-Aghdash, Salman Bashzar, Haleh Mousavi Isfahani, Elaheh Parnian, Mostafa Amini-Rarani
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Anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals during COVID-19 in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Aragaw Asfaw Hasen, Abubeker Alebachew Seid, Ahmed Adem Mohammed
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COVID-19 and common mental health symptoms in the early phase of the pandemic: An umbrella review of the evidence
Anke B. Witteveen, Susanne Y. Young, Pim Cuijpers, José Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Corrado Barbui, Federico Bertolini, Maria Cabello, Camilla Cadorin, Naomi Downes, Daniele Franzoi, Michael Gasior, Brandon Gray, Maria Melchior, Mark van Ommeren, Christina Palantz
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Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on burnout and self-compassion among critical care nurses caring for patients with COVID-19: a quasi-experimental study
Sahar Younes Othman, Nagia I. Hassan, Alaa Mostafa Mohamed
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Amr Ehab El‐Qushayri, Amira Yasmine Benmelouka, Abdullah Dahy, Mohammad Rashidul Hashan
Reviews in Medical Virology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Jiyao Chen, Stephen X Zhang, Allen Yin, Jaime A Yáñez
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Tayser Bauomei Fahmei, Rania Rabie Eletreby, Sahar Elsayed Gaber Behilak, Ghalia Elmoghazy Elkasaby, Amal Yousef Abdelwahed
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